The cradles can have manual or power control and be in. Learn the simple framing techniques that ensure accurately built, tightly framed walls. Ac condenser the outside fan unit of the air conditioning system. This article explains how to frame a wall and the basics of marking up and laying out a wall, along with tips about headers, trimmers and studs. The provisions of this chapter shall control the design and construction of all walls and partitions for all buildings. Backing frame lumber installed between the wall studs to give additional support for drywall or an interior trim related item, such as. The following definitions are provided for commonly used terms used by scheduling, estimating, projectconstruction management, and contract administration professionals, and construction claims experts involved with engineering and construction projects. Architectural symbols on construction drawings show the type and location of windows figure 11, doors figure 12, and other features. Three general principles govern formwork design and construction. Framing lumber, also referred to as dimension lumber, must be properly grade marked to be acceptable under the major building codes. Nonbearing walls double plate windowdoor cripple stud framing terms or jack stud header header supports structure above windows header jack trimmer supports header header jack cripple studs jack stud or trimmer double plate rough sillsub sill king stud additional stud to trim out window framed wall construction. Building a stud wall diy extra diy extra diy guides.
The alternative to framed construction is generally called mass wall construction, where horizontal layers of stacked materials such as log building, masonry, rammed earth, adobe, etc. Combustible xi course overview module 1 this module is an introduction to building construction principles and classification of construction methods. Wall framing 31 requirements 31 platform construction 31 balloon construction 33 window and door framing 34. A wall stud is a vertical framing member in a buildings wall of smaller cross section than a post. Ab estimates of damages the ab estimate method is generally utilized in cases where the. Wall construction shall be capable of accommodating all loads imposed according to section r301. These boards are studs and, when nailed to a bottom and a top plate, you will have a wall that is 8 feet high after drywall is hung. Wall framing studs of three or more members spaced not more than 24 inches. For more about wall framing, see how to build an interior wall. Building and construction terms dictionary beaufort online.
A device used to remove dissolved minerals from water to make it soft. Before we get started with framing we understand structural loads. Scheduling, estimating, projectconstruction management. Most older houses have 2by4 wall studs spaced 16 inches on center. Because of its natural composition, wood is better able to resist higher shortterm. Any photographs in this book are for illustration purposes only and may not necessarily represent.
Scot is the author of two other construction books and numerous articles for construction magazines, such as fine homebuilding and the journal of light construction. The heights of a partition wall depends on the use which may be one storey or part of one storey. Long term maintenance costs are reduced because steel. With both platform and balloon framing, wall studs and ceiling and floor joists occur every 16 or 24 inches, measured from center to center. Detail plates for studs, doors, windows, and intersecting walls.
Wood sill construction 23 floor joists 23 bridging 29 builtup subfloor other29 floor framing at wall projections 31 page chapter 6. Plywood and structural fiberboard are a better sheathing choice than osb. Building a stud wall a diy guide on properly planning and building a stud wall partition wall. A small metal strip or steel wire used to bind tiers of masonry in cavitywall construction, or to bind brick veneer to the woodframe wall in veneer construction. I nail the top plate to the studs and keep the bottom of the studs snug against the bottom plate.
Nonstructural interior framing often called drywall framing is only used for construction of interior walls that do not support any load from above and walls that will not be exposed to any wind forces. In true log wall construction the horizontally laid logs are load bearing and the roof is constructed from substantial, solid timber members, often using traditional joints and details. Framing materials are usually wood, engineered wood, or structural steel. Building construction handbook simard artizan farm. Canadian home builders association builders manual. Framing in edmonds, wa, for 36 years until his recent retirement. Whether you are building a shed, garage or home it is important to understand the basics of stud wall construction. To cut individual steel studs and tracks, use straightcut aviation snips photo 1.
Ac circuit alternating current the flow of current through a conductor first in one direction then in reverse. Ac disconnect the main electrical on off switch near the ac condenser. Identified by codes as either fire wall, party wall or townhouse separation wall. This manual applies to the construction of lightweight steel framed walls and floors. Weve gathered resources throughout our website and elsewhere on the internet that we feel will help you get started in learning about or getting a timber frame. Dictionary of construction terminology ac an abbreviation for air conditioner or air conditioning. Before you get started, familiarize yourself with industry.
The engineered tall walls described in this workbook are extensions of the traditional stud walls used in canada for over a hundred years. The traditional stud wall has proven to be such a successful construction technique because. The 345 method allows you to make sure your wall sits at a 90degree angle. It removes the heat from the freon gas and turns the gas back into a liquid and pumps the liquid back to the coil in the. The building construction handbook is the authoritative reference for all. He developed and refined the methods in this book and used them to train his crews. As with the term oncenter, which is used for construction, the term centerline is an imaginary vertical line drawn through a key reference point usually the drain pipe. Of course, your shed, garage or building will require windows and doors and they must be properly framed within the stud walls. Plaster walls render and plaster or plasterboard, damage. Where units are to be used in exposed wall construction, the face or faces that are to be exposed shall not show chips. Building construction glossary a above grade the portion of a building that is above ground level.
Recommended nailing practices wood members are most commonly joined together. Glossary of construction terms air condtioning condenser the outside fan unit of the air conditioning system. Wclib grading rules for national grades framing lumber pdf. Generally used in houses supplied by well water, which contains calcium, magnesium. The construction of a stud wall is a basic building block of all structures. Wcd1 details for conventional wood frame construction. Such grade marks identify the grade, species or species group, seasoning condition at. Frame construction manual for one and twofamily dwellings afpa. These standardized layouts result in the least cutting and waste of floor, ceiling, and wall materials. When it comes to wall framing, the bottom plate also can be. A less than full height wall used outside the main foundation wall to support brick or stone veneer or other loads. Building construction glossary paladin risk management. The xs indicate king studs, and double lines indicate cripples.
In curtain wall construction the weight of the wall affects the proportioning and cost of the spandrel beams, the columns, the footings and in earthquake. The application of conventional construction rules may be limited by building code requirements in use where the building is being constructed. These walls are made up of glass, fiber boards or brick masonry. A stud of less than full height that is fastened to a full height stud to support the end of a lintel or beam and to transfer vertical loads to the footing. Stick is a colloquial term for both framing lumber timber and a timber tree a. It removes the heat from the freon gas and turns the gas back into a liquid and pumps the liquid back to the coil in the furnace. Steel framing is easier to handle because steel studs weigh. Because the sheathing will be colder in winter, wall should be able to dry to the outside.
Framing a wall always looks simple and straightforward, but. Framing is an interdependent structural system where one piece. Bim is about integrating design and construction processes, about making them interoperable, and about the software tools needed to achieve that. Steel framing guide steel framing guide a n e a s y t o u s e g u i d e f o r s t e e l f r a m e c o n s t r u c t i o n introduction steel framing is a practical, code approved solution to many of the limitations that builders face today when using. Residential fire walls, usually with a 2 to 4hour rating, designed to prevent spread of fire from an adjoining occupancy. Lowcost wood homes for rural americaconstruction manual. It is used exclusively in residential and commercial wiring because it provides.
Because of its natural composition, wood is better able to resist higher short term. For example, if two pipes are specified to be 10 inches apart, you measure 10 inches between the centers of the pipes, not 10 inches between the edges of the pipes. Wall construction article about wall construction by the. Access door door which allows access to concealed space or equipment. Stratta, manual of seismic design, prenticehall, englewood. From building the stud frame to fixing the plasterboards. Terminology of concrete masonry units and related units c 1262. Using a mineral wool or acoustic foam inside the studwork should do the job. Framing and closing in the sections contained in this chapter address the tasks related to erecting the structural framing for the house and creating an enclosure that provides some degree of protection from the elements. Bearing wall a wall that supports any vertical load in addition to its own weight. When cutting individual steel studs or tracks with a circular saw, cut on the closed or web side and support the piece tightly on sawhorses. Studs are connected to track flanges with screws, or pins, installed through the face of the track flange into the stud flange. Construction glossary of building terms abutment that part of a pier or wall either end of an arch, beam, or bridge which resists the pressure of a load.
Bearing header a a beam placed perpendicular to joists and to which joists are nailed in framing for a chimney, stairway, or other opening. Chapter 3 structural steel terms layout and fabrication of steel and pipe structural steel is one of the basic materials used in the construction of frames for most industrial. Matching track is available for each stud size with 114, 2 and 3 leg heights. Stud and sheathing walls are a light type of wall construction, commonly used in residential or other light construction where they usually serve as light bearing walls. Download dictionary of construction terminology as pdf. Cfs is, how it can benefit a construction project, the basics of designing with and ordering cfs, and training options for expanding your cfs knowledge. Construction glossary of building terms residential reports.
It emphasizes the importance of the ics, cos, and safety officers being able to read a buildings construction correctly. Richard lind, everts lind enterprises, lunenberg, n. Building regulations insist on an element of sound resistance of a minimum 40 decibels between walls, so you will need to add acoustic insulation to the walls during the construction. Choosing the size and spacing of wall studs for platform framing. Frame lumber installed between the wall studs to give additional support for drywall or an interior trim related item, such as handrail brackets, cabinets, and towel bars. C section studs replace wood studs and single tracks replace top and bottom wood plates. One of our goals is to help you make the best decision in regards to your timber frame construction project to make sure it goes as smoothly as possible for you. With your framed wall in place but not yet nailed down, measure 3 feet from the inside corner of the wall and make a mark on the floor plate. Quality accuracy of the concrete shape and the final finished surface quality.
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